\(n_{H_2}= \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(mol)\\ 2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ m_{tăng} = m_{kim\ loại} - m_{H_2} = 11 - 0,4.2 = 10,2(gam)\)

PTHH: 

Ta có: 

a)

Gọi $n_{Fe} = a(mol) ; n_{Al} =b (mol) \Rightarrow 56a + 27b = 11(1)$
$Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2$
$2Al + 6HCl \to 2AlCl_3 + 3H_2$
Theo PTHH : $n_{H_2} = a + 1,5b = \dfrac{8,96}{22,4} = 0,4(2)$

Từ (1)(2) suy ra : a = 0,1 ; b = 0,2

$\%m_{Fe} = \dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\% = 50,9\%$
$\%m_{Al} = 100\% - 50,9\% = 49,1\%$

b) $n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,8(mol)$
$\Rightarrow C_{M_{HCl}} = \dfrac{0,8}{0,4} = 2M$

c)

$C_{M_{FeCl_2}} = \dfrac{0,1}{0,4} = 0,25M$
$C_{M_{AlCl_3}} =\dfrac{0,2}{0,4} = 0,5M$

Gọi $n_{Na} = a(mol)$

2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

a...........................a..........0,5a.....(mol)

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H₂O → 2NaAlO₂ + 3H₂

..a...........a............................................1,5a....(mol)

Suy ra : $0,5a + 1,5a = \dfrac{3,36}{22,4} = 0,15 \Rightarrow a = 0,075$

Vậy :

$m = 0,075.23 + 0,075.27 + 1,35 = 5,1(gam)$

Gọi nNa=a(mol)���=�(���)

2Na + 2H₂O → 2NaOH + H₂

a...........................a..........0,5a.....(mol)

2Al + 2NaOH + 2H₂O → 2NaAlO₂ + 3H₂

..a...........a............................................1,5a....(mol)

Suy ra : 

\(n_{HCl}=0.2\cdot2=0.4\left(mol\right)\)

\(BTKL:\)

\(m_{hh}+m_{HCl}=m_M+m_{H_2}\)

\(\Rightarrow m_M=8+0.4\cdot36.5-0.2\cdot2=22.2\left(g\right)\)

\(n_{Fe}=n_M=a\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(56+M\right)=8\left(1\right)\)

\(Fe+2HCl\rightarrow FeCl_2+H_2\)

\(2M+2nHCl\rightarrow2MCl_n+nH_2\)

\(n_{H_2}=\dfrac{4.48}{22.4}=0.2\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow a+\dfrac{an}{2}=0.2\)

\(\Rightarrow a\left(1+\dfrac{n}{2}\right)=0.2\left(2\right)\)

\(\dfrac{\left(1\right)}{\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{a\left(56+M\right)}{a\left(1+\dfrac{n}{2}\right)}=\dfrac{8}{0.2}=40\)

\(\Rightarrow56+M=40\left(1+\dfrac{n}{2}\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow56+M=40+20n\)

\(\Rightarrow M-20n+16=0\)

\(BL:\)

\(n=2\Rightarrow M=24\)

\(M:Mg\)

\(\)

\(a)n_{H_2} = \dfrac{4,48}{22,4} = 0,2(mol)\\ Fe + 2HCl \to FeCl_2 + H_2\\ 2M + 2nHCl \to 2MCl_n + nH_2\\ n_{HCl} = 2n_{H_2} = 0,4(mol)\\ m_{muối} = m_{kim\ loại} + m_{HCl} - m_{H_2} = 8 + 0,4.36,5 - 0,2.2 = 22,2(gam)\\ b) n_{Fe} = n_M = a(mol)\\ n_{H_2} = a + 0,5an = 0,2(mol)\\ \Rightarrow a = \dfrac{0,2}{1+0,5n}\\ \Rightarrow \dfrac{0,2}{1+0,5n}(56 + M) = 8\\ \Rightarrow M - 20n = -16\)

Với n = 2 thì M = 24(Mg)

Vậy M là Magie

\(Đặt:n_{Fe}=a\left(mol\right);n_{Al}=b\left(mol\right)\left(a,b>0\right)\\ Kim.loại.còn.lại.sau.p.ứ:Cu\\ n_{Cu}=\dfrac{25,4}{64}=0,4\left(mol\right)\\ a,PTHH:Fe+CuSO_4\rightarrow FeSO_4+Cu\\ 2Al+3CuSO_4\rightarrow Al_2\left(SO_4\right)_3+3Cu\\ \Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}56a+27b=11\\a+1,5b=0,4\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}a=0,1\\b=0,2\end{matrix}\right.\\b, \%m_{Fe}=\dfrac{0,1.56}{11}.100\approx50,909\%\\ \%m_{Cu}\approx100\%-50,909\%\approx49,091\%\\ c,V_{ddsau}=V_{ddCuSO_4}=0,2\left(l\right)\\ C_{MddFeSO_4}=\dfrac{0,1}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right);C_{MddAl_2\left(SO_4\right)_3}=\dfrac{0,2:2}{0,2}=0,5\left(M\right)\\ d,C_{MddCuSO_4}=\dfrac{a+1,5b}{0,2}=2\left(M\right)\)

a, PTHH:

\(A+2HCl\rightarrow ACl_2+H_2\left(1\right)\)

\(2Al+6HCl\rightarrow2AlCl_3+3H_2\left(2\right)\)

\(AlCl_3+4NaOH\rightarrow NaAlO_2+3NaCl+2H_2O\)

b, Ta có \(n_{AlCl_3}=n_{NaAlO_2}=\dfrac{2,7}{82}=0,03\left(mol\right)\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}n_{Al}=n_{AlCl_3}=0,03\left(mol\right)\\n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=\dfrac{3}{2}n_{AlCl_3}=0,045\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_{Al}=27.0,03=0,81\left(g\right)\\n_A=n_{H_2\left(1\right)}=\dfrac{1,68}{22,4}-n_{H_2\left(2\right)}=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m_A=2,49-0,81=1,68\left(g\right)\\n_A=0,03\left(mol\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow M_A=\dfrac{1,68}{0,03}=56\left(g/mol\right)\Rightarrow A\) là \(Fe\)

c, \(m_{\text{muối}}=m_{FeCl_2}+m_{AlCl_3}\)

\(=127.n_{Fe}+133,5.n_{Al}\)

\(=127.0,03+133,5.0,03=7,815\left(g\right)\)

a) PTHH: 2Al + 6 HCl -> 2 AlCl3 + 3 H2

x___________3x______________1,5x(mol)

Fe +2 HCl -> FeCl2 + H2

y___2y____y______y(mol)

b) Ta có: m(rắn)= mCu=0,4(g)

=> m(Al, Fe)=1,5-mCu=1,5-0,4=1,1(g)

nH2= 0,04(mol)

Ta lập hpt:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}27x+56y=1,1\\1,5x+y=0,04\end{matrix}\right.\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x=0,02\\y=0,01\end{matrix}\right.\)

=> mAl=27.0,02=0,54(g)

mFe=56.0,01=0,56(g)

a) 2Al + 6HCl \(\rightarrow\) 2AlCl₃ + 3H₂

      Fe + 2HCl \(\rightarrow\) FeCl₂ + H₂

b) Gọi nAl = x, nFe = y

=> 27x + 56y = 11 (1)

Theo pt: \(\Sigma\)nH₂ = 1,5x + y = \(\dfrac{8,96}{22,4}=0,4mol\)(2)

Từ 1 + 2 => x = 0,2 , y = 0,1

=> mAl = 0,2.27 = 5,4 => %mAl = \(\dfrac{5,4}{11}.100\%\approx49,09\%\)

%mFe = 100 - 49,09 = 50,91%

c) Theo pt: nHCl = 2nH₂ = 0,8 mol

=> mHCl = 0,8 . 36,5 = 29,2g

=> \(m_{dd}\)HCl = 29,2 : 10% = 292g

d) mdd sau phản ứng = m A + mHCl = 11 + 292 = 303g

Theo pt: nAlCl₃ = nAl = 0,2 mol => m AlCl₃ = 26,7g

=> C%AlCl₃ = \(\dfrac{26,7}{303}.100\%\) = 8,81%

tương tự nFeCl₂ = 0,1 mol => C%FeCl₂ = 4,19%